Influenza is caused by a highly contagious virus which spreads easily when an infected person coughs and sneezes. Flu affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs.
Symptoms can range from mild to severe and, in some cases, can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia. Common symptoms include fever, chills, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, fatigue, and headaches. While most people recover within a week or two, the flu can be particularly dangerous for high-risk groups, including:
- Children under the age of 5
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
- Pregnant women
- People aged 65 and older
- People with chronic health conditions such as respiratory, heart, neurological or kidney diseases, diabetes or a weakened immune system.
People at high risk should seek medical advice for early treatment if they become unwell with influenza symptoms.
Austin Health’s Deputy Director of Infectious Diseases, A/Prof Janine Trevillyan.
How can you protect yourself from influenza (flu)?
Vaccinations are the best way to protect yourself from influenza, especially during winter. Annual vaccinations are recommended for everyone aged 6 months and over and are available from your doctor (GP) or pharmacy immunisers, as well as some local councils, hospitals, maternity services and community health services.
In Victoria, flu vaccinations are free under the National Immunisation Program for the high-risk groups listed above. Speak to your GP or immunisation provider to find out if you are eligible for a free vaccination.
Other ways to protect yourself include:
- Regularly wash your hands with soap and water or use a hand sanitiser, especially after coughing or sneezing, and avoid touching your face.
- Use a tissue or your elbow to cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze.
- If you are sick, stay home to prevent spreading the virus to others.
- Keep your distance – stay 1.5 metres away from people where you can
